NASA/NAVFAC/ AFCESA/USACE LRC 35 31 19.45 03 (September 2008)
---------------------------
Preparing Activity:USACE LRC Replacing without change
LRC-02485 (September 2006)
UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS
References are in agreement with UMRL dated 9 October 2006
Latest change indicated by CHG tags
SECTION 35 31 19.45 03
STONE MATERIALS
12/14
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
NOTE: This guide speicification covers stone materials, suppliers, submittals for Government approval or information,
and quality control tasks as they relate to production of stone for the project. 03OCT2006 The guide spec used
was developed by the Corps of Engineers Great Lakes Armor Stone Committee in 2002, and subsequently minor revisions
have occurred. The committee began in the late 1990s in response to concerns by the Great Lakes Districts and
marine construction contractors that a consistent specification was necessary for use in the region, to the extent
applicable. Members included Joseph Kissane, P.G. (LRC); Mirza Baig (LRC); Thomas Deja, P.E. (LRC); Ron Erickson,
P.E. (LRE); David Marcus (LRE); Kenneth Henn, R.G. (LRL); Vasile Jurca (Chicago Department of Environment – Project
Manager for Chicago Shoreline Project; Willam Shaw, P.E., Vice President Luhr Bros., Inc.; Jack Parmeter, American
Marine Construction; and Art Stukey, P.G., Montgomery-Watson Harza.
Joseph A. Kissane, P.G.
Chicago District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
District Geologist/Geotechnical Engineer
NOTE: The EMs and ETLs referenced in this guide specification can be found on the Internet at http://www.usace.army.mil.inet/usace-docs.
To clarify the difference between Stone Protection, Channel Protection, and Shoreline Protection, the following
definitions are provided. Stone Protection is defined as a system which includes a layer of bedding material
or layers of filter material beneath a layer or layers of riprap. Stone protection is placed around structures
in slack water or within a dewatered site. Stone protection may also be used to protect channel banks when it
is placed in the dry or in slack water. Riprap is defined as a material having a gradation band similar to those
specified in EM 1110-2-1601, Chapter 3. Channel Protection is stone placed in a current as revetment, dikes,
or slope paving without the use of a separate layer of bedding or filter material. In this type of environment,
bedding sand or geotextiles and materials with gradation bands with a top size of 150 mm (6 inches) will not stay
where placed. Shoreline Protection is defined as a system of bedding or filter materials and stone used to protect
coastlines of lakes and oceans and for harbor protection.
Grouted riprap should only be used when the quantity of larger stone on a project is very small and in a noncritical
area. Also, grouted riprap should be considered only when minor settlement is expected in the foundation, potential
of undermining is very low, and the density of the fill material is at a minimum of 95 percent Standard Proctor.
Additional information provided in ETL 1110-2-334.
EM 1110-2-2302, Construction with Large Stone, presents criteria and gives guidance for selection, evaluation,
and use of large-stone materials in construction. This document also references other EM's that have additional
related guidance for the protection design. One additional reference not listed is EM 1110-2-1614, Design of
Coastal Revetments, Seawalls, and Bulkheads. However, the quality criteria specified in this document was based
upon a limited review of criteria being used by Corps. Quality criteria that is specified by a District should
be that which has been selected to be used on its projects or criteria specified by a Division to be used by the
District to meet the durability requirements for the project being constructed.
"Riprap Quality Criteria in Standard Specification and Engineering and Guidance", Rock for Erosion Control, ASTM
STP 1177; and TR-GL-81-8, Evaluation of Quality and Performance of Stone as Riprap or Armor", both support the
need to perform freeze-thaw testing by COE CRD-C 144 instead of ASTM procedures. Also, both indicate that soundness
tests and L.A. Abrasion tests are of limited use when evaluating Riprap and Armor Stone.
This Section covers stone materials, suppliers, submittals for Government approval or information, and quality control tasks as they relate to
production of stone for the project.
1.2 REFERENCES
The following publications of the issues listed below, but referred to thereafter by basic designation only, form a part of this specification
to the extent indicated by reference thereto:
[ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)
ASTM C127(2012) Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity),
and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
ASTM C 295(2008) Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete
ASTM C42/C42M(2013) Standard Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed
Beams of Concrete
ASTM C535(2012) Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Large-Size Coarse
Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine
ASTM C88(2013) Standard Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of Sodium Sulfate
or Magnesium Sulfate
ASTM D4992(2014) Evaluation of Rock to be Used for Erosion Control
ASTM D 5312(2004) Evaluation of Durability of Rock for Erosion Control Under Freezing and
Thawing Conditions
ASTM D 5313(2004) Evaluation of Durability of Rock for Erosion Control Under Wetting and
Drying Conditions
]
[ILLINOIS DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (IDOT)
IDOT(2007) Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction; and current Supplemental
Specifications and Recurring Special Provisions
]
1.3 SUBMITTALS
Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation; submittals not having a "G" designation are for information only or as otherwise
designated. When used, a designation following the "G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government. The
following shall be submitted in accordance with SECTION 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:
SD-03 Product Data
Stone Source; G,*DG*
For each off-site source of stone material it proposes to furnish, the Contractor shall, at least 60 days in advance of using
a source, designate in writing one or a combination of sources intended for use. The submission of information for all proposed
stone source(s) shall include: (1) areas and lifts of the quarry or pit to be worked, (2) the specific geological stratum or strata
to be utilized, (3) available laboratory testing records, (4) bulk specific gravity range, and (5) completed projects constructed
of the same stone to be furnished. For each type of stone material the Contractor proposes to furnish, the Contractor shall,
at least 60 calendar days in advance of using a source, designate in writing the proposed source(s). The Contractor may also
propose other sources as explained in paragraph 2.2.2 . Special requirements for approval of such sources are given in paragraphs
2.1.2 and 2.4 . If a proposed non-listed source is disapproved, the Contractor shall submit the required data for replacement
source(s) from the source list in Attachment A. In addition to DG other parties who will be reviewing the report will be CN,
Great Lakes field representative.
Stone Materials Control (SMC) Plan; G,*DG*
The Contractor shall submit a written Stone Materials Control (SMC) Plan that describes the means and methods to be used for
production, handling, transporting and placement and the effective inspection of material quality and gradation testing of stone
materials in a manner which will result in a satisfactory quality of in-place stone construction. Written procedures shall be
included for guiding and instructing the Contractor's SMC inspectors and construction workers in the techniques and criteria to
be used for examining stone for acceptability and for the proper production gradation, handling, transporting, and placement of
stone. Procedures shall be described for tracking armor stones used in conducting gradation tests, and for reporting the performance
and results of the tests on Quality Control reports. Procedures shall be described for monitoring and recording the dates and
locations of stone blasting, and tracking and documenting that furnished stone complies with the applicable quarrying period and
curing restrictions, if any. This submittal shall be made not less than Thirty (30) calendar days in advance of the date stone
materials are to be shipped from the source . The stone material control plan submittal shall designate a Stone Material Control
Field Supervisor (SMCFS) who shall be responsible for implementation of all functions of the stone material control program.
The stone material control plan submittal shall also include a sample daily SMC QC inspection report, which shall be used during
stone material production. The SMCFS shall not have collateral project duties or responsibilities assigned by the Contractor
except those specified in the stone material control plan submittal. If the prime Contractor acquires stone products required
for this project through a subcontractor, the SMCFS shall not be an employee of the subcontracted company or subcontracted corporation
producing the stone material or products. Government approval of the submittal will not be provided until after the contractor
has produced satisfactory set of Pre-Production Reference Stones, but not later than five (5) calendar days after all the requirements
for the Pre-Production Reference Stones have been met, including the Contractor's laboratory testing results and prior stone source
submittal.
Revision of SMC Plan or Inspection Staffing; G,*DG*
If the Contractor elects to initiate a proposal to revise the SMC plan, the Contractor shall submit the proposed revision not
later than (7) days prior to the date it proposes to implement the revision and shall not implement the revision prior to the
COR's approval. Changes to SMC inspector staffing levels or employees shall likewise be submitted for approval. Government
required revisions of the SMC plan or Contractor staffing shall follow the procedures prescribed elsewhere in this Section.
SMC Field Supervisor Qualifications; G,*DG*
The Contractor shall submit the name(s) and evidence that the Stone Material Control Field Supervisor (SMCF) is a Graduate
Geologist (minimum Bachelor's Degree) with not less than two years experience in geology and stone inspection; or is a Licensed
Professional Geologist with not less than one year experience in stone inspection; or is an experienced SMCF supervisor with a
minimum three years experience in stone inspection. This experience shall be in assessing stone quality for the size and type
of armor stone and other stone specified in the contract, and in the project conditions to which the stone will be subjected.
The SMCF Supervisor shall be responsible for preparing a daily SMC inspection report for the proper execution of the SMC plan,
and shall oversee the work of all SMC inspectors. This submittal shall include data on applicable experience (names and locations
of projects), training (names and locations of courses) and education (names and locations of schools, with names addresses and
phone numbers of references for verification of each item of data. This submittal shall be made not less than 30 days in advance
of the date stone materials are to be shipped from the source. Government approval of the submittal will not be provided until
after the Contractor has produced satisfactory Pre-Production Reference Stones, but not later than 5 calendar days after all the
requirements for the Pre-Production Reference Stones have been met, including Government laboratory testing if applicable.
SD-06 Test Reports
SMC Reports;
During all SMC activities, the Contractor shall submit daily reports of all work performed under the approved SMC plan. The
reports shall be delivered to the COR not later than the day following the SMC activity. An example daily report format is included
in this specification as Attachment-B:
Each daily report for each inspector shall include not less than the following information:
a. SMC Inspector's name.
b. Identification of the stone handling equipment during all phases of the work, and the name(s) of equipment operator(s) used
to accommodate the stone inspection, if it appeared that the equipment or operator was a factor in producing unacceptable stone.
c. Date of stone inspection.
d. Weather conditions including temperature.
e. Temperature and date stone was removed from quarry face, and date and details of blasting, if applicable.
f. Location and strata within quarry where stone removal took place (horizontally and vertically).
g. Color(s) and character(s) used by inspector for spray paint marks and the applicable code for stones which are individually
sorted (versus mechanically sorted) and for any rejected stone.
h. Breakdown of the approximate quantity, per gradation range, of accepted and rejected stone processed for the project during
the day, and the disposition of the rejected stone materials.
i. A summary of the cause or causes for most of the rejections of stone occurring during the day.
j. Running total of the quantity of each gradation range of stone shipped from the source to date.
k. Running average of the approximate per stone weight per gradation range for stones, which are individually picked for the project,
i.e. excludes stones graded by use of a screen or grizzly.
Displacement Gauge Installation Data; G,CN
Complete information on the stone hauling vessel gauge installation shall be submitted.
Gauging Table;
Furnish stone hauling vessel gauging tables and a copy of the data and calculations used for the preparation of the tables.
Equipment Data;
Prior to starting work, a list of all equipment, tools, machines, including their sizes, capacities and operating speeds, to
be used in the performance of the work shall be submitted. All the plant shall be maintained in satisfactory working condition
at all times.
Redesign Data; G,*DG*
If the Contractor proposes to utilize stone having a specific gravity outside of the specific design range, and as a result
thereof, the Government provides the Contractor with a redesign, the Contractor shall, within fifteen (15) calendar days after
receipt of the Government's redesign, submit its formal proposal to perform the work in accordance with the redesign. The submittal
shall include a statement of the direct savings to the Government and tabulation in the form of a revised "BIDDING
SCHEDULE" showing unchanged unit prices for the revised
quantities. In addition to DG other parties who will be reviewing the report will be DH (Hydraulic Engineering Section) and CN
(field representative).
Weigh Scale Certification;
If an on-site scale is used, prior to the use thereof, the Contractor shall submit details on the location and construction
of the scale and a copy of the certification of the scale's accuracy from the local weights and measures regulating agency.
Certified Weight Scale Tickets;
A copy of each weigh bill, including certification of exact weight, time of weighing and delivery and certification of proper
placement in the work shall be submitted within one (1) work day after weighing.
Bulk Specific Gravity of Stone; G,*DG*
At least 30 calendar days in advance of shipment of stone to the work site, submit a copy of bulk specific gravity (ASTM C 127
) test results for each type of armor stone to be furnished. The information shall be furnished prior to preparation of the Pre-Production
Reference Stones. In addition to DG, other parties who will be reviewing the report will be CN, field representative.
Stone Placement Records;
At the time of completion of stone placement operations, the Contractor shall prepare a document that graphically shows, for
each layer of stone, the source of the stone for each reach and the time periods during which it was quarried and during which
it was placed. Attachments to the document shall include a copy of the Contractor's gradation data and test results for each
gradation range as well as a copy of the Government's evaluation and test results that will have been furnished to the Contractor.
1.4 PRE-PRODUCTION QUALITY CONTROL
1.4.1 Material Quality
Before selecting a source for preparation of Pre-Production Reference Stones, the Contractor shall be reasonably certain that the source is capable
of meeting the quality, quantity and source requirements specified in Section 35 31 19.45 03.
1.4.2 A and A-1 Armor Stone Pre-Production Reference Stones
Following submittal of the Contractor's SMC plan and the Contractor's selection of a source for new stone, but prior to the Government's approval
of a source and the SMC plan, the Contractor shall make arrangements to provide a set of Pre-Production Reference Stones. The SMC Inspector or
SMCF supervisor shall select the Pre-Production Reference Stones for the approval of the Contracting Officer. The Pre-Production Reference Stones
shall be located at the source of the stone and be laid out in windrow fashion. At least 10 Pre-Production Reference Stones for each type of armor
stone to be furnished under this contract shall be provided. The Pre-Production Reference Stones shall be representative of the areas, geologic
units, faces, and lifts within the quarry from which the stone will be furnished; of the quality of stone to be furnished; and of the weight within
the specified size range, for each type of armor stone. The Contractor shall also make arrangements to provide stones having each type of unacceptable
feature set aside at the quarry as examples of unacceptable stone that shall not be shipped.
Acceptable stones over 2000 pounds in size shall have been marked with spray paint on three mutually perpendicular sides with a coded mark to denote
acceptability for a certain size range. The representative unacceptable stones shall be marked with a "red X" as examples of unacceptable materials
or shapes.
1.4.3 Evaluation of Pre-Production Reference Stones
The Contractor shall notify the COR when the Pre-Production Reference Stones are ready for evaluation. The Contractor's SMCFS and all SMC inspectors
shall accompany the COR during the Government's evaluation of the Pre-Production Reference Stones. The Contractor shall arrange to have individual
stones to be free from any dust or mud covering the faces and turned as necessary to accommodate the COR's evaluation. The Contractor shall make
available a source of water for use in the inspection and evaluation of the Pre-Production Reference Stones. The COR will mark unacceptable stones
with a "red X". If 20 % or more of the stones within a set of Pre-Production Reference Stones are found to be unacceptable, the Contractor shall
replace the unacceptable stones from available inventory for re-inspection, as soon as possible. If after a total of three attempts, the Contractor
is unable to present an acceptable set of Pre-Production Reference Stones, the source shall be disapproved for this contract. The Contractor shall
then be required to submit a new source for approval. In addition the Contractor shall submit the name and qualifications for a person to replace
the SMC supervisor. The Contractor may, of its own accord, choose a replacement source at the time the first or second set of Pre-Production Reference
Stones are found to be unacceptable. The replacement of stones for sets of Pre-Production Reference Stones or replacing of stone sources, shall
be at no additional cost to the Government and with no change in the required completion period for this contract.
1.4.4 Approval of Pre-Production Reference Stones
The COR will make an acceptance determination of the Pre-Production Reference Stones based on visual inspection and laboratory testing, conducted
in accordance with applicable paragraphs of this Section of the Specifications. The Contractor will be notified in writing within 10 working days
of a finding by the COR that the Pre-Production Reference Stones, SMC Plan, and SMC staff are acceptable. The Contractor may then proceed with
production of materials for this contract, provided the materials are consistent with the accepted Pre-Production Reference Stones. If the Pre-Production
Reference Stones are not accepted, the COR will notify the Contractor in writing within 10 working days of the inspection.
1.4.5 Availability of Pre-Production Reference Stones
The acceptable Pre-Production Reference Stones and unacceptable stones as determined during the inspection by the Contracting Officers Representative
shall remain unaltered at the quarry as quality and size examples throughout the duration of shipping stone for this contract.
1.5 QUALITY CONTROL STAFFING
1.5.1 Qualifications and Duties of Stone Materials Control Field (SMCF) Supervisor
The SMCF supervisor shall have the minimum qualifications and experience as specified in the SUBMITTALS paragraph of this specification. The SMCF
supervisor shall be responsible for the proper execution of the SMC plan and shall oversee the work of all SMC inspectors. The SMCF supervisor
shall be on the site of the stone source at all times that stone production; handling, hauling or placement is taking place, unless otherwise approved
by the Contracting Officer's Representative. The SMCF supervisor shall train the SMC inspectors in the proper performance of their duties, offer
advice and assistance to the inspectors, and may, if necessary, perform duties also applicable to SMC inspectors. The SMCF Supervisor shall maintain
a qualified and adequate inspection staff and shall replace any persons not performing satisfactorily. The SMCF supervisor shall be responsible
for the quality of all stone Material.
1.5.2 Qualifications and Duties of SMC Inspectors
The SMC inspectors shall be persons with sufficient training and a minimum of one-year experience to competently and independently perform the
tasks itemized below while under the general supervision of the SMC field supervisor.
a. Participate in the selection of stone for the Pre-Production Reference Stones and in the evaluation of the stones.
b. Complete and submit daily inspection reports in a timely manner.
c. Perform visual inspections of all stone, with particular attention given to individually picked stones (i.e. stones not graded with
a screen or grizzly). The examination shall focus on stone quality, fractures, stone geology, and other detrimental features that may
cause the stone to deteriorate into smaller pieces after it is in place in the work. Inspection duties also include identifying and marking
pieces that do not meet the criteria for acceptability, including size and shape. Unacceptable stones shall be marked with a spray painted
red "X".
d. Place an identifying paint spray mark or marks on each acceptable individually picked armor stone. Unless otherwise directed, one mark
shall be placed on each of the 3 axes of a stone.
e. Assure that the Contractor places the accepted pieces of stone into the appropriate stockpiles and placement locations in accordance
with the respective gradation ranges.
f. Observe and note operations of the quarry, transportation and handling of stone and report any observed practices, handling methods
or equipment that might have deliterious effects on the durability or acceptability of the stone. Report such observations to the Contractor
and the COR, where appropriate.
g. Assure that rejected stone materials are either placed in a "reject" stockpile, or are removed from the site immediately after they
are so marked. Rejected stones shall not be mingled with accepted stones at any time.
h. Conduct scheduled and impromptu stone gradation tests and evaluations and make elongation and size measurements.
i. Maintain a running average of each stone weight per gradation range for individually picked armor stones as they are transported from
the source.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 STONE MATERIALS
2.1.1 General.
The materials to be furnished shall meet all requirements specified in this Section of the specification. Materials which have been delivered to
the project site and are rejected, whether in stockpile or in place in the structure, shall be removed from the project site at the Contractor's
expense. All rejected material shall be returned to the source at the Contractor's expense.
2.1.2 Material Quality
2.1.2.1 General
All stone materials shall be of a quality to insure permanence of the structure in the climate in which it is to be used. Off-site sources of
stone listed in Attachment A have shown the ability to meet the requirements of these specifications. As indicated in paragraph 2.2.3, absence
or inclusion on the list in Attachment A does not imply that the sources are or are not interested in or capable of producing the required quantity
and quality of stone for this contract. Stone gradations shall be from stone sources approved in accordance with applicable paragraphs of this
Section. Regardless of source, the stone shall be durable, sound, and free of features, which may tend to increase deterioration from natural
causes or breakage during handling, transportation, or placement. These features may include, but are not limited to fractures, seams, vugs, bedding,
stylolites, planes of separation, weathering, argillaceous material, and micaceous minerals. Inclusions of any dirt, sand, clay, shale, chert,
oil and oil-stained stones and rock fines and bituminous or any organic or other deleterious material will not be permitted. Stone exhibiting vugs
totaling not more than five (5) percent of the total surface area of any face and less than 4-inches in maximum diameter, provided that they are
not aligned along bedding planes or planes of weakness will be acceptable, other provisions of this specification withstanding. All stone shall
be highly resistant to weathering and disintegration under freeze / thaw and wetting / drying conditions.
2.1.2.2 Acceptability of stone materials
Acceptability of stone material will be based on the criteria in this Section and as determined by the COR by visual inspections, evaluation of
service records, and applicable laboratory test results. On-site stone will be selected from on-site stockpiles in coordination between the contractor,
the COR and the Chicago Park District (CPD) and the Chicago Department of Environment (DOE). All off-site materials shall meet the minimum quality
requirements listed in Table 1 below, based on field examination and applicable laboratory testing. Laboratory results shall be representative
of the same lithologic unit as the corresponding stones or materials. Laboratory test results shall be from a Government or Government-approved
laboratory capable of handling sample sizes described in the subscript of Table 1, and shall be less than 5 years old at the time of submittal,
unless otherwise accepted by the COR. If test results are more than 5 years old, or are not representative of the material proposed under this
Contract, the COR may select samples from the Pre-Production Reference Stones or materials designated by the Contractor as proposed sources, and
direct the Contractor to have selected stones tested by a Government or Government-approved laboratory in accordance with the requirements of Table
1, below. Field and Laboratory tests to which the material may be subjected are listed in the paragraph titled REFERENCES. The COR may waive
the requirement for laboratory testing of stone, based on the results of visual inspections and service records in projects similar to this project.
Under no circumstances will the Contractor be allowed a Contract extension for the time necessary to evaluate materials for acceptability.
TABLE 1
Criteria for Stone Quality
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Test Test Method Acceptance Criteria
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Specific Gravity(3) ASTM C 127 2.6 - 3.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Absorption ASTM C 127 <1 percent and
>3 percent
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Los Angeles Abrasion(2) ASTM C 535 < 20 percent loss
after 500 revolutions
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sodium Sulfate Soundness(4) ASTM C 88-99a < 5 percent loss
after 5 cycles
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Freeze-Thaw(1),(2) ASTM D 5312 < 2 percent loss
after 35 cycles
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wetting-Drying(1),(2) ASTM D 5313 < 2 percent loss
after 80 cycles
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Petrographic(2) ASTM C 295 No deleterious
Examination materials or
features allowed
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Field Examination(2) ASTM D 4992 No deleterious
materials or
features allowed
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Compressive Strength(4) ASTM C 42/C 42M Minimum 3000 psi
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ The minimum sample size for A-Stone shall be a stone of 1,200 pounds. Contractor shall ensure that the selected laboratory is government approved
for the required capacity/equipment to allow for testing of this sample size. The minimum testing slab size dimension shall be 13 inch X 15inches
X 2inches for designation ASTM D 5312 and ASTM D 5313, and shall be cut perpendicular to the bedding planes within the stone.
2/ See paragraph entitled STONE SAMPLING AND LABORATORY TESTING for applicability of the tests.
3/ Stone having specific gravity outside the range of 2.6 to 3.0 is not acceptable without prior approval of the COR - see paragraph titled "Redesign
Data" of this specification section. Reference paragraphs under "Material Quality" for further restriction on the geologic types of stone that
are acceptable.
4/ Applies only to rubble fill concrete
2.1.2.3 Type A-Stone
Type A stone in this specification shall be from an off-site source and shall be consistent with the provisions of the Material Quality specifications
above.
2.1.2.4 On-site stone
Type On-site cut limestone/art stone in this specification shall be consistent with the provisions of the Material Quality specifications above.
On-site stone shall be selected from the on-site based on the gradations for on-site stone in this Section and provisions of Section
35 31 20.00 03, Stone Placement and Construction and applicable notes on the contract drawings.
2.1.2.5 Type A-1 Stone
Type A-1 Stone in this specification shall be from an off-site source and shall be consistent with the provisions of the Material Quality specifications
above.
2.1.2.6 Type C
Type Stone in this specification shall be from an off-site source and shall be consistent with the provisions of paragraph 2.1.2.1 above.
2.1.2.7 Rubble Fill
Rubble fill may be utilized from sources outside of the project site. Rubble fill shall only be used as stone fill. Rubble fill shall be newly
broken, sound concrete from demolished construction. This concrete shall have a minimum thickness of 6 inches between unbroken surfaces before
crushing. Concrete showing disintegration indicating poor resistance to weathering will not be acceptable. The material shall be free of fines,
clay lumps, wood, asphalt, re-bar, wire brick or brick fragments or any other detrimental inclusions. Rubble shall not contain any harmful material
that could leach out or otherwise harm the environment.
2.1.3 Approval of the rubble fill
The approval of the rubble fill shall be based on visual inspection and applicable laboratory test results. The source of the rubble fill shall
first be inspected by the COR to verify the general acceptability conditions of the materials discussed in Rubble Fill paragraph. If the source
changes or the types of concrete material changes, then the COR will conduct additional visual inspections to verify the above general acceptability
conditions. The final approval of the rubble fill will be based on the acceptability criteria given in Table-1 for compressive strength and specific
gravity tests and the composition of the material meeting the criteria in this specification. The COR may direct the Contractor to run additional
tests of the rubble fill, at no cost to the government, if there is uncertainty about the acceptability of the material when the COR conducts further
inspections. Under no circumstances will the Contractor be allowed a contract extension for time necessary to evaluate for acceptability.
2.1.4 Proportional Dimension Limitation.
The maximum aspect ratio (greatest dimension: least dimension) of any piece of stone for size ranges which are not graded with a screen or grizzly,
shall be not greater than 3:1 when measured across three mutually perpendicular axes. Not more than 10% of the stone within a gradation range
shall have aspect ratio greater than 2.5:1.
2.2 STONE MATERIAL SOURCES
2.2.1 Listed Sources.
Known stone sources are listed in Attachment A of this Section, LISTED QUARRIES. Information for the sources is available for review by the Contractor
in the Office of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, (Geotechnical Section) Chicago District, 111 N Canal Street, Chicago, IL 60606. If the COR determines
sampling and testing is required to verify the acceptability of a listed source, such testing will be at the Government's expense. Following sample
selection by the COR, the Contractor shall arrange for transportation of sample(s) to the Government Laboratory at the Contractor's expense. A
determination of acceptance or rejection of the proposed listed source(s) will be provided by the Government within 90 calendar days of the Government's
inspection and sampling. No time extension will be made to the Contract for the time necessary for testing and evaluation of laboratory results
of a listed source. On-site stone shall be selected from on-site stockpiles salvaged from previous portions of the Chicago Shoreline project.
2.2.2 Other Sources.
On-site stone shall be selected from stone recovered and stockpiled from the existing structure on the adjacent portion of the Chicago Shoreline.
Stone materials may be furnished from sources other than the known sources indicated in Attachment A, provided stone quality and quantity are otherwise
meet the specifications. If a stone source proposed by the Contractor is not listed in Attachment A, the Government will make such investigations
and evaluation as necessary to determine whether or not materials meeting the requirements of the project can be produced from the proposed source.
The Contractor shall allow 90 days for review of any off-site stone source not listed in Attachment A. The tests listed in Attachment A shall
be required to verify the suitability of the proposed stone source. All required tests shall be conducted on stone samples selected by the Government.
All costs for testing of a non-listed stone source shall be borne by the Contractor. The evaluation of the stone acceptability will be based on
criteria of visual inspections, service record for performance in projects in the Great Lakes area and laboratory test results, as stated in the
specification. The Government will provide a determination of acceptance or rejection of non-listed source(s) proposed by the Contractor within
90 calendar days of the date of Government inspection and sample selection. No additional time will be added to Contract milestones or delivery
dates for the time required for the Government to make a determination of acceptance or rejection of a non-listed Contractor proposed source.
2.2.3 No Government Warranty
The Government does not warrant that the sources in Attachment A are the only potential sources for furnishing the stone required for this project.
The listing in Attachment A shall not be construed as implying that the sources listed herein are actually interested in or capable of producing
or offering stone in the required size, gradation, weights, quantities, quality or schedules required, or that transportation from the source to
the project is available. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to visit a listed source to verify and determine whether a selected source
is capable of producing the required quantity, quality, size, gradation, or weight specified, and in a timely manner. If it is found that the
quarry or source conditions have changed since the last Government inspection, the Government may require all applicable testing, as given in Table
1, of the stone from the source proposed by the Contractor.
2.2.4 Material Acceptability.
The right is reserved to not approve use of materials from certain localized areas, zones, strata, or channels of any approved source, when such
materials are determined by the COR to be unsatisfactory based upon quality requirements herein. Rejection or disapproval of any source or any
material by the COR shall not be grounds for a time extension under Section 00700, nor for a change in the contract price.
2.2.5 Rejection.
If the source(s) so designated by the Contractor is not approved for use by the COR, the Contractor may not submit for use non-listed source(s),
but shall furnish the materials from a listed source and in compliance with contract requirements at no additional cost to the Government.
2.3 STONE GRADATIONS
2.3.1 Gradations.
Material having the gradations listed below shall be placed as indicated in the STONE PLACEMENT Section and on the drawings. Gradation limits
are in place requirements. Adjustments in production and placing methods shall be made as necessary to assure final placed materials are within
specified ranges.
2.3.1.1 Type A Stone
The stone furnished for A-Stone shall weigh between 1 ton and 3 tons each. Seventy-five (75) percent of the stones by count shall weigh more than
2 tons each.
2.3.1.2 Type On-site Cut Limestone/Art Stone
The stone for Type On-site stone selected for use in this Contract shall weigh between 4 and 12 tons. Seventy-five (75) percent of the Type On-site
stones by count shall be greater than six (6)tons each.
2.3.1.3 Type A-1 Stone
The stone for Type A-1 stone shall weigh between 2.5 and 5.0 tons and 75 percent of all stones shall be greater than 3.5 tons. Type A-1 stone
shall be from off-site source(s) and shall conform to the Material Quality requirements of this Section.
2.3.1.4 Type C-Stone
The stones furnished for C-Stone shall conform to the following gradation: 100% smaller than 150 lbs, 50% +/- 20% smaller than 40 lbs, 8% +/-
8% smaller than 1 lb. The stones shall be free of fines, clay lumps or any other detrimental inclusions. Type C-Stone shall be from off-site
quarried stone. Regardless of source, Type C Stone shall conform to the Material Quality requirement of this Section.
2.3.1.5 Stone Fill/Rubble Fill
The stones furnished for Stone Fill/Rubble Fill shall conform to the following gradation: 100% smaller than 150 lbs, 50% +/- 20% smaller than 40
lbs, 8% +/- 8% smaller than 1 lb. Stone Fill/Rubble Fill may be from an off-site source or from on-site stone material. Regardless of source,
Stone Fill/Rubble Fill shall conform to the Material Quality requirement of this Section.
2.3.1.6 Bedding-Stone
The stone furnished for bedding stone shall conform to IDOT: IDOT Std. Specs for Road and Bridge Construction, Article 1004.01, CA-1 and CA-6.
The CA -1 stone shall be well-graded and meet the Material Quality requirement of this Section.
2.3.1.7 Select Stone
The stones furnished for select stone shall conform to the following gradation requirement for IDOT: IDOT Std. Specs for Road and Bridge Construction,
Article 1004.01, CA-7. The stones shall consist of crushed stone and free from fines, clay lumps or any other deleterious inclusions. The stone
quality shall meet the Material Quality requirements of this Section.
2.3.1.8 Natural Sand
The sand furnished for natural sand shall conform to IDOT: IDOT Std. Specs for Road and Bridge Construction, Article 1003.01, FA-1. The sand
shall be fine granular material resulting from a natural disintegration of rock and free from any other deleterious inclusions.
2.4 STONE SAMPLING AND LABORATORY TESTING
At a minimum, the frequency and type of required tests shall be as indicated in Table 2, below. The freeze and thaw test, wet and dry test and
Petrographic examination in Table 1 shall only be performed by a Government laboratory or a Government approved laboratory, for the initial set
of testing required for quarry approval, and whenever geological changes occur in a quarry. The test samples shall be selected by the COR. For
information the following are government or government approved laboratories:
Government Laboratory: Waterways Experiment Station (WES) - Materials Testing Laboratory; 3909 Halls Ferry Road; Vicksburg, MS 39180-6199 Phone(601)634-3278.
2.4.1 Stone test results; GA
The Contractor shall submit copies of test results as indicated in Table 1 for Government approval at least sixty (60) calendar days in advance of
shipment of stone to the work site, and no later than the time of inspection of the Pre-Production Reference Stones by the COR.
2.5 QUARRY OPERATIONS
Quarry operations shall be conducted in a manner that will produce stone conforming to the requirements specified and may involve selective quarrying,
handling, processing, blending, and loading as necessary, all of which shall be described in detail in the SMC Plan. Blasting and handling of
rock shall be controlled by the Contractor to produce rock of the size ranges and quality specified. Technique such as the use of proper hole
diameter, hole depth, hole angle, burden and spacing distances, types and distribution of explosives, delay intervals and sequence, removal of
muck piles between each shot, special handling techniques are required as necessary to produce the specified materials. All aspects of blasting
shall be specifically designed so that the end product is not damaged from the blasting technique and that the stone is suitable for the intended
purpose.
TABLE 2
Sample Testing Frequency
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stone Type Gradation Sample Stone Quality Testing Visual
Size Frequency (from Table 1) Inspection
------------------------------------------------------------------------
On Site 20 stones 1,000 tons One to three stone Each stone
A-Stone samples or as
directed by the COR. ------------------------------------------------------------------------
A-Stone 30 stones 1,000 tons One to three stone Each stone
samples at any
geological change
in the quarry, as
directed by the COR.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
A-1 Stone 20 2,500 One to three stone Every
stones tons samples at any 2,500 tons
geological change
in the quarry, as
directed by the COR.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
C-Stone 1,000 2,500 Not Applicable Every
lbs. tons 2,500 tons
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bedding Stone 300 2,500 Not Applicable Every
lbs tons 2,500 tons
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Select Stone 600 2,500 Not Applicable Every
lbs tons 2,500 tons
------------------------------------------------------------------------
StoneFill 600 2,500 Not Applicable Every
lbs tons 2,500 tons
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Natural Sand 1 Once at Start Not Applicable Every
lb of Project 2,500 tons
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rubble Fill 600 5,000 Every 5,000 cu.yd. Every
(Concrete) lbs cu.yd. Delivery
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Each Type A stone used in gradation testing shall be numbered, tracked and documented in accordance with the procedures submitted and approved
in the SMC plan. Gradation test reports for A-stone shall include the three axis dimensions for aspect ratio measurement and the basis of individual
stone weight calculations.
2.5.1 Curing Stone
Freshly quarried stone shall be subjected to curing operations for A-Stone and B-Stone to allow it to release stored energy and moisture and to
allow the stone to demonstrate that the stone will not fracture during the energy release and drying out phase. Type A-Stones and Type B-Stone
shall be temporarily stockpiled in a single layer at the quarry site for a minimum of 30 consecutive calendar days without any occurrence of 32
degrees Fahrenheit or below before being inspected from all sides and approved for shipping to the project site. Daily record of minimum temperature
in the quarry shall be maintained during the curing period for all stones.
2.5.2 Curing Stone Quarried In Freezing Weather
Type A, and Type B-Stone quarried between 16th of September and 14th of April (North of 43rd parallel) and 02 October and 14th of April (South
of 43rd parallel) will not be inspected and approved for use in the project, until after it has cured at the quarry for at least 30 consecutive
calendar days without any occurrences of 32 degrees F or less at the quarry, or 15 May, whichever is earlier.
2.5.3 Temporary Storage
Storage of stone material subsequent to shipment from the quarry and prior to permanent placement in the required work shall be subject to approval
of the COR. Underwater storage of stone materials is prohibited.
2.6 PRODUCTION QUALITY CONTROL
2.6.1 General
The Contractor shall perform all quality control in accordance with "CONTRACTOR QUALITY CONTROL" of this specification. It is the Contractor's
responsibility to assure that quality control for all work performed at the quarry or quarries and the delivery site comply with all contract requirements.
Contractor shall insure that records are maintained of quality control tests, inspections and corrective actions. Quality control measures shall
cover all materials, equipment, and tests including but not limited to the following:
2.6.2 Inspection and Tests
At the quarry and project site, visual inspections shall be made of each type A-Stone and stockpiles of Type-B, Type C, bedding stone, select stone
and natural sand randomly as scheduled in Table-2 by a SMC inspector. The visual inspections shall check size, gradation, elongation, fractures,
deterioration and other defects to assure that handling during loading, transporting, unloading and placement has not caused damage to the materials
and to assure they are placed in accordance with the requirements of this Section. Weighing of stones or re-measuring them shall be performed
to verify computed weights when the COR brings the size of specific stones into question or the SMC inspector observes the need to do so. Except
as allowed by gradation tolerances, any material broken, cracked, out of gradation or weight limitation or improperly placed in the work shall
be removed and replaced with satisfactory stones and corrective action taken at no additional expense to the Government. Rejected material shall
be promptly removed from the project site. Such materials are excluded from measurement for payment.
2.6.3 Quality Assurance
During the contract period, both prior to and after material are delivered to the job site/storage site, visual inspections and measurements of
the stone materials may be performed by the COR. If the COR, during the inspections, finds that the stone quality, gradation or weights of stone
being furnished are not as specified or are questionable, re-sampling and retesting by the contractor will be required. Sampling and the manner
in which the testing of the delivered stones/stockpiled stone at the source or Dock for shipment is to be performed, shall be directed by the COR.
The contractor shall pay the cost of this additional testing of stone, if the evaluation of the tests by the government determines the stone does
not meet the specification. If the test evaluation by the government determines that the stone meets the specifications then the government will
pay the cost. However, the final acceptability of the stone will depend on meeting the requirements for visual inspection and service records,
as stated in the specifications. Any material rejected shall be removed or disposed off as specified or directed by the COR. Removal of rejected
stone shall be at contractor's expense.
PART 3 EXECUTION
[Refer to section 35 31 20.00 03 STONE PLACEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION.]